Michigan, a haven for dog enthusiasts, boasts laws crafted to safeguard the welfare of dogs and humans alike while addressing issues like bites, attacks, and disturbances caused by dogs. Familiarizing oneself with these regulations is crucial for every dog owner in the state. Here are three pivotal laws that Michigan dog owners should be aware of:
1. Vaccination and Licensing Obligations
In adherence to the Dog Law of 1919, dogs aged six months and older must receive rabies vaccinations and obtain a license from their local government. To secure a license, owners must furnish proof of vaccination and pay the required fee. License renewal occurs annually or biennially, contingent on the municipality. Dogs are mandated to wear a collar with a tag displaying their license number and owner’s name at all times, excluding lawful hunting or training activities. Non-compliance may result in fines, impoundment, or, in severe cases, euthanasia.
2. Leash and Tethering Guidelines
Although Michigan lacks a statewide leash law, numerous cities and townships have their own ordinances mandating dogs to be leashed or adequately restrained when off their owner’s premises. Exceptions apply for working dogs, like guide dogs, guard dogs, farm dogs, and hunting dogs, engaged in their duties under the owner’s supervision. Additionally, female dogs in heat must be leashed outside the owner’s premises, irrespective of local leash laws.
Tethering or chaining a dog outdoors is regulated by both state law and certain local ordinances. According to Penal Code 750.50, the tether must be at least three times the length of the dog’s body, permitting free movement within the tethered area. It must be affixed to a well-fitted collar or harness, ensuring the dog’s comfort. Adequate provisions for food, water, shelter, and veterinary care must be accessible. Tethering for over seven hours daily or in extreme weather conditions is prohibited, with violations incurring animal cruelty charges and penalties.
3. Dog Bite Responsibility
Michigan adheres to strict liability in cases of dog bites. Owners are liable for damages if their dog bites or attacks a person or another animal without provocation, irrespective of the dog’s history or the owner’s negligence. Defenses are limited to proving the victim was trespassing, committing a crime, or provoking the dog. Owners may face criminal charges if their dog is deemed dangerous or vicious, or if they fail to adhere to containment and control requirements.
Adhering to these laws ensures the welfare of dogs and the safety of everyone involved. For detailed information on local laws, consult your area’s animal control agency or seek legal advice.